[Wool Net] Acrylic fiber is soft, light, warm, corrosion-resistant and sun-resistant. It is about 10% lighter than wool and more than 2 times stronger. It is called artificial wool. Acrylic fiber is not moldy and insect-resistant, it is 1 times more resistant to light than wool, and 10 times larger than cotton. Wool and acrylic blended yarns can effectively compensate for the shortage of pure wool yarns and greatly reduce the cost of raw materials, so they are widely used in various industries. However, there is a problem in the dyeing of wool nitrile yarns: there is no dye that can dye both wool and acrylic fibers. Two dyes must be used for dyeing wool-nitrile blended yarns; existing wool dyes and acrylic dyes The pH requirements of the dye bath are basically the same. Although the conditions of the same bath dyeing are used, the negatively charged wool is weakly acid dyed and the positively charged acrylic fiber is easy to form a lake with a cationic dye, which seriously affects the dyeing quality. The two-bath two-step method can solve this problem completely, but in the increasingly tense of energy, labor costs are getting higher and higher, and enterprises are fiercely competitive today, low cost, high efficiency and high quality can truly win the market and thus obtain the maximum profit. Based on this demand, this paper proposes a one-bath method for dyeing wool-nitrile blended yarns. The process is simple, easy to operate, consumes less energy, and has high production efficiency. A scientific dyeing process curve can be established by rational selection of dyes and additives. A lake is formed to ensure the dyeing quality of the same bath dyed hairy nitrile yarn.
1 dyeing system
1.1 Selection of dyes and auxiliaries
A one-bath method is used for dyeing. In order to ensure good dyeing quality, it is recommended to use the Canabar refined dyes and the Maxilon acrylic dyes. When using Lanatet wool dyes, a special matching leveling agent, Albergalset, must be used. Although the dye is only 15 colors, the chromatogram is complete, and almost all the popular colors can be spelled out. The dyes have good compatibility, high exhaustion rate and excellent dye reproducibility. Maxilon acrylic dyes are used in the blending of acrylic and wool-nitrile dyes. They are available in a wide range of chromatograms for dip dyeing and continuous dyeing, with the use of the retarder TinegalMR.
1.1.1 leveling agent Albergalset
Albergalset is a special auxiliary agent for LANASET dyeing. Its function is to promote the diffusion of dye into the fiber, promote the dye transferability, the uniformity of the fiber surface, the compatibility between the dyes and the absorption of the dye. Albergalset is an amphoteric additive with affinity for both wool and dye. It has a strong anti-malignant effect, so that the dye is in a single molecule state in the solution, thereby increasing the osmosis. The amount of Albergalset was changed at different dyeing bath ratios. The specific amounts are shown in Table 1.
1.1.3 anti-settling agent AvolanIW
The anti-settling agent AvolanIW can form acid emulsion dyes with different electrical properties and cationic dyes to form a stable emulsion in the dyeing solution, effectively control the formation of the lake, and play a certain role of penetration and leveling. The general usage is 1% (owf).
1.2 dyeing formula (common three primary colors)
A: Lanaset Yellow 2R, Lanaset Red G, Lanaset Gray G.
B: Yuanming powder 2g / L, glacial acetic acid (pH 4.5), leveling agent Albergalset 1% - 2% (owf), sodium acetate 1g / L.
C: anti-settling agent Avolan IW1% (owf).
D: Maxilon Yellow GL, Maxilon Red SL, Maxilon Blue SL
E: retardant TinegalMR (according to dye concentration), glacial acetic acid (adjusted to pH 4.5).
1.3 Preparation of dye liquor and order of addition of components
Formula A: The dyed wool dye is first beaten with 80 ° C hot water and then boiled with boiling water. Among them, Lanaset Yellow 2R has low solubility and is easy to form precipitates, so be careful when using chemicals and materials. The use cycle of the dye is 5 days.
Formula B: The dye dyed with acrylic fiber is firstly dyed according to the weight of the dye: glacial acetic acid (98%) weight = 1:1, and then flushed with boiling water. The diluted dye should also be acidized in proportion. The usage period is 2 days.
Solid additives should be dissolved in soft water before use. It is not possible to join the dye tank directly.
The order of addition is: acetic acid + sodium acetate, one yuan, a powder, a leveling agent, Albergalset, a wool dye, an anti-settling agent, Avolan 1w, a retarder, a cationic dye.
1.4 Process curve
The light color in dyeing is a one-bath one-step method, and the process curve is shown in Fig. 1. The dyed medium dark color adopts a one-bath two-step method, and the process curve is shown in Fig. 2.
1.5 Special instructions
The pH of the dye bath must be controlled at 4.5 to 5. One is that the isoelectric point of the wool fiber is between 4.5 and 5. The closer the pH is to the isoelectric point, the less damage to the wool fiber; the second is The pH value is too high, the wool dye can not be absorbed, the dyeing depth is not reached, the color fastness is poor and the pressure of sewage treatment is increased; and the acrylic dye is fast and easy to dye unevenly. The pH value is too low, the wool dye is quickly colored, and the dyeing is uneven, the acrylic fiber is slow in coloration, the suction rate is low, the dyeing is not deep, and the fastness is poor.
Individual formulas that are prone to uneven dyeing, such as purple, medium ash, khaki, etc., need to reduce the dyeing temperature, slow down the heating rate, and adopt a stepwise heating when necessary to increase the amount of leveling agent to ensure uniform dyeing.
Pay special attention to the process of dyeing out of the cylinder. The temperature should not be too fast, especially for acrylic fiber. Slow cooling can ensure a good hand feeling, otherwise it is difficult to obtain a satisfactory softening effect. For particularly deep color systems such as black and navy, it is necessary to strengthen the post-treatment solid color cleaning to ensure that the color fastness meets the requirements.
2 case analysis
The blending ratio of wool and acrylic fiber is 50:50, dyeing by one-step two-step method. For example, the two colors of navy and purple are dyed with yarn density of 35.7texX2 and 20.8texX2 respectively. The dye formula is:
Navy: wool dye Lanaset yellow 2R0.15% (owf), Lanaset red 2G0.16% (owf), Lanaset navy R1. O0% (owf). Acrylic dye Maxilon Yellow GL0.20% (owf), Maxilon Red SL 0.12% (owf), Maxilon Navy 2RM 1.50% (owf).
Fuchsia: wool dye Lanaset Yellow 2RO. 30% (owf), Lanaset red 2G 0.50% (owf), Lanaset blue 2R 0.10% (owf). Acrylic dye Maxilon Yellow GL 0.25% (owf), Maxilon Red SL 0.60% (owf), Maxilon Blue SL 0.20% (owf).
The dyeing bath ratio is 1:10. The selection and dosage of the auxiliary agent, the addition mode, time, heating rate and holding time of the dye and auxiliary agent are strictly controlled by the one-bath two-step dyeing process curve. The test results of the yarn performance index after dyeing are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
After dyeing, the yarn is uniformly dyed as a whole, and the two components have the same color and no color difference effect. The color is pure and the hand feels moderate. From the perspective of the flat knitting machine before and after dyeing: the dry condition of the cloth noodles and the unevenness of the twist are basically the same, no horizontal, no color. .
From the strength series index of the yarn, the breaking strength of the yarn after dyeing slightly decreases, the CV value of the strength unevenness rate becomes larger, and the elongation at break is improved. In general, the physical index of the yarn changed little before and after dyeing, indicating that the original quality of the yarn during the dyeing process was not damaged, and the advantage of the wool-knitted yarn was maintained.
From the test results of yarn appearance quality and color fastness, the wool and acrylic fiber are evenly colored during the dyeing process. The hue and depth of the dyed color of the two kinds of fibers are basically the same, the dye molecules and the fiber are firmly combined, and the color fastness is uniform. It can meet the requirements of the International Wool Machine Washable Products.
3 Conclusion
With the enhancement of people's environmental awareness and the improvement of technology, more and more fiber blended products are available. Natural fibers are becoming more and more precious, and artificial artificial natural fibers and other functional fibers are emerging one after another. The blended products with different fiber advantages will dominate the market trend. For the multi-fiber dyeing process, how to maintain the original style of the product, and make the dyeing process simple and convenient, energy saving and environmental protection, and ensure the high quality of dyed products, this is a challenge for every dyeing worker.
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